Willis Haviland Carrier - Air Conditioning (1902

Willis Haviland Carrier was the inventor of the concept and design of the air conditioner. Shortly after he graduated from Cornell University the first temperature and humidity controller was in operation. In modern day it is something we take for granted. This concept also stabilized the environment and allowed for 4-color printing.

Willis' formula for designing air conditioners still stand as the fundamental set of equations in the industry. Willis' design allowed for better storage of other temperature controlled substances that could not normally be stored in hot, humid conditions. Willis did not invent the first structure to have this system but he was the first successful one.

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References:
http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa081797.htm